news literacy

在2016年总统大选之后，美国的虚假新闻和新闻急剧上升，目的是误解。作为学校图书馆员，我们还看到学生消费新闻和信息及其新闻来源偏好的转变。现在，比以往任何时候都需要将新闻素养和媒体素养整合到教学学生中，通过我们的图书馆和课程参与。

What Is News Literacy?

根据SchoolofJournalism.org

新闻素养我s the acquisition of 21st-century, critical-thinking skills for analyzing and judging the reliability of news and information, differentiating among facts, opinions and assertions in the media we consume, create and distribute.

We can’t talk news literacy without also addressing bias. We all have some level of bias acquired through our different experiences. Each of our individual biases is formed from a multitude of components including where we live, where we are from, culture (our own and our perceptions of others), pop culture, religion, and, of course, politics. What’s important for us to incorporate into our campuses about bias is helping our students and staff identify their own biases, understand that news sources contain bias, and then help them develop the skills to choose news sources in a more balanced way.

Why Teach News Literacy?

Many students want to have a better understanding of current events and news sources, but just don’t know where to begin. While doing a mini-lesson on news literacy with a group of 12th-grade students, they were asked, “What do you wish teachers/adults understood about how you get your news?” Here are a few telling responses:

“Sadly enough, sometimes I avoid watching the news, afraid of being subject to fake or heavily-biased news.”

“I do not watch the news that much except for on Snapchat. I wish we were actually taught about the current events.”

“I wish they understood that we don’t really know how or where to get the news. We also don’t really keep up with it as much as we should.”

为了使学生为目前和未来的动荡新闻景观做好准备，我们必须频繁，坦率的对话，以评估来源的信誉，识别偏见以及努力争取平衡的新闻饮食。为了发展这些技能，这些技能对于他们作为道德全球公民的成长至关重要，对于学生来说，定期与新闻互动，认真评估信息并参与民事话语很重要。

Resources

• FactCheck: FactCheck.org is a project of the Annenberg Public Policy Center of the University of Pennsylvania. They are a nonpartisan, nonprofit “consumer advocate” for voters that aims to reduce the level of deception and confusion in U.S. politics. They monitor the factual accuracy of what is said by major political players in the form of TV ads, debates, speeches, interviews, and news releases.
• Politifact：Politifact是一个事实检查的网站，评估民选官员和其他人在美国政治中发表讲话的人的索赔准确性。Politifact由佛罗里达州独立报纸《坦帕湾时报》的编辑和记者经营。They use a number of scales they’ve created: Truth-O-Meter to gauge accuracy of statements, Flip-O-Meter to rate whether an elected official has been consistent on an issue, and Promise Meters to gauge progress made on campaign promises.
• AllSides: AllSides is a news service aimed at cutting through one-sided bias and hyper-partisanship. They offer news stories on current topics “from the center.e ” “from thleft.” and “from the right” on a scale that rates the bias.
• Snopes: Founded in 1994, Snopes is the oldest and largest fact-checking site on the internet. It is a common source for checking hoaxes, urban legends, email scams, and sensational, clickbait social media posts.
• 大不列颠的见解: This is a Chrome extension tool to highlight Britannica School resources alongside your student’s search results. Free for Britannica School subscribers (18 states that have subscriptions). Doesn’t influence search results, but showcases those trustworthy sources that we always WANT students to use alongside their Google results. Once you click in, you will have all of the great features of Britannica, including adjustable leveling, videos, and other resources. Especially effective on historical events and people to help students gain context for their search.
• TEDEd How to Choose Your News: Video discusses the history of news, how trust was broken with traditional news sources, and how the Internet has changed the way news is shared. Can lead to some great discussion with students on how the media landscape has changed. Explains the phenomenon of circular reporting and how fake news spreads so quickly and easily.
• Source Deck Activity：这是一项伟大的研究活动，我认为这将很好地实现新闻素养的对话。屏幕截图各种信息源，并包括每个信息源。根据快照和源信息，学生必须评估来源及其相关性。关于大不列颠学习的博客文章，最初的幻灯片在今天上升。
• Common Sense Media：多年来，我一直喜欢他们的数字公民课程。他们汇编了一些丰富的资源和课程，以帮助将学生变成事实发现的网络侦探。他们目前正在更新并向此集合添加新课程。
• 新赛:新赛offers a wealth of resources for educators on media literacy, including lesson plans, artifacts, and case studies. They also offer virtual classes and professional development for educators.
• Choices Program by Brown University: Non-profit at Brown University developing curricula on current and historical international and public policy issues. Students dig deep into multiple viewpoints on contested issues. Free lesson resources and complete curriculum available to purchase.
• Checkology: A resource from the News Literacy Project that provides a virtual classroom with interactive lessons to help students learn to evaluate and interpret news. Activities to help them determine what news/information to trust, share, and act on. Topics include detecting/dissecting viral news rumors, investigating the impact of personalization algorithms, evaluating bias, and interpreting the First Amendment. Several sample lessons are available for free, with a paid subscription for the full curriculum.
• 媒体偏见/事实检查: Media Bias/Fact Check (MBFC) is an independent online media outlet. On their About page, MBFC says they are dedicated to educating the public on media bias and deceptive news practices. This site can be used to look up news sources found online and through social media postings to help students understand where that particular news source rates on their bias and fact checking.
• Above The Noise：这是一个YouTube频道，有关于新闻素养的精美视频。老师可以使用这些视频，并让他们的学生参加有关KQED的讨论，学习调查有争议的主题并分享他们的声音。
• Factitious: This is a great “game” to introduce students to bias and the importance of looking at news sources. This could easily be incorporated into a news literacy lesson and used in conjunction with many of the other resources listed here.
• 打破自己的新闻图像制造商: This is just a fun resource for students to make their own images like the ones you see in this blog post. It can also lead to discussions about the validity of images, image sources, reverse image searches, and how headlines are used as to gaslight and as misinformation.

Nancy Jo Lambert is a Google Certified Trainer and high school teacher librarian in Frisco ISD at Reedy High School. She is a presenter advocating for libraries by telling the story of the learning happening in her library. She holds positions in the Texas Library Association, American Library Association, American Association of School Librarians, Texas Association of School Librarians, and is the president of the TCEA LIB-SIG. She has been published in professional journals and won numerous awards and grants and was named TCEA Library Media Specialist of the Year the American Association of School Librarians Social Media Superstar Curriculum Champion in 2019. She is known for sharing her professional work onher library website在Twitter上@NancyJoLambert。

强大的小图书馆员蒂法尼·怀特海德（Tiffany Whitehead）是一位痴迷的读者，社交媒体用户和技术极客。她是路易斯安那州巴吞鲁日主教高中图书馆的主任。蒂芙尼（Tiffany）获得了路易斯安那州东南大学的基础教育和学校图书馆认证的本科学位，并获得了西北州立大学的教育技术领导力研究生学位。她曾担任ISTE图书馆员网络的总裁，并被公认为是ISTE 2014年新兴领导者之一。蒂芙尼（Tiffany2014 Library Journal Movers & Shakers。She was the 2016 recipient of the Louisiana Library Media Specialist Award and the 2019 ISTE Librarians Network Secondary Award Winner. Follow her on Twitter@librarian_tiff和onher blog。